Submarine.



' J. M. GAGE.

SUBMARINE.

APPLICATION ZFELED 1330.26, 1912.

wtentd Jan. 26, 1915.

s SHEETS-Smm 1.

ga/@M fnyewfar J. M. CAGE.

SUBMARINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 26, 1912.

1,126,616. mame@ 52.11.26, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' y by y Unirse sfraargs Parana orales.

JOHN M. F'LONG- BEACE, CIIIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO L. A. SUBMARINE BOATCOMPANY, F LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA, A CORPGRATION OF CALIFORNIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 26. 1915.

4 Application ledDecemher 26, 1912. Serial No. 738,745.

,To 'aZZ-/:m/rll' nmg/-rlonce-m':

Be it known that l, J onx M. CAGn, a citizen of thelln'lted States,residing at Long Beach, in the county of' Los Angeles, State 5 ofCalifornia. have invented new and useful Improvements in Submarines, ofwhich the following is a specification.'

this invention relates to'improyements in sl.ll'u1ni;rines, and ril-entsin the propelling machinery and power plants thereof; and the presentapplication has todo with improvements on the' sullinainelshown' in myapplication S N. annealed June-22nd. 191i.

l have iniproved' the subniai'inelabout to be vdesc'ribed'in thisspecification in many particulars o'verlthe submarineshown and described'in 'the application mentioned; and inV the following Vdescriptionl willgive a general explanation of theiinproved form of submarine to'enfable'a clear understanding oic the propelling machinery thereof andin `particularr'l will'specifically describe the propelling lindpow'erplant machinery. 22f.. 'l`hefundamental' characteristics of my Apowerplant for submarines this: that in terna! combustionenglnes (or otherprime mover using air combustion) are used for propulsion ol the vesseleither afloat or subymerged. l arrange 'for mechanical expulsion ot theexhaust gases overboard, and `arrange'ior automatic supply ol air to theengines whether afloat or submerged. This arrangement has many great anddistinctive advantages-the two most notable advan tages being (1)I theavailability o practicallrtull powervwhen submerged and (2) the entireelimination oi" the usual electric propelling:` machinery.` Generalsimplification also results from 'my improvement; well as the obtainanceol" more free space within' 'the if'essel interior. abled tolallot agreater proportional' space to the ballast and subineiging'and trimmingtanks; and generally, l am enabled in s comparatively small vcssl toaccoinj'llisli results linobtalinable in even la rger vessels.

lt has been demonstrated that a gi 'en power-.will drive a, submarine atgreater 50 speed completely submerged than when aiioat; and in myconst-riuftion. l alii enabled to utilize so nearly the i'ull amounty ofpower :when 'submerged my submarine will drive faster Vsulmi'e'rged"thanafloat; Thrl radius of action aoatis fundamentally particularly toimprove l also am enlimited by the fuel tank capacity; the radius ofaction submerged isi'lilnited by the total l air storage facilities.These features7 and other details, will he explained in the' fol--lowing detailed specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which: A l

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of my iiup'roved submarine.Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the saine. g elusive are cross sectionstaken as' indicated by lines a-a to f-f on4 Fig. 2. Fig, 13 is anenlarged detail from Fig. l. showing the atmospheric'aii" intakeapparatus. Fig. 14 is a d`eta i l 'section 'showing the exhaustemergence to isea.

Referring the complete hull structurof ythe vessel, of

the generalglines and configuration indicated in the twolongitudinalflfiews and various sections. The hu'll 1s constructed inany approved manner, 'with su1table frames and braces. and is pr`o\iidedwith suitable docki ing and bilgekeels 21 and and with an opensuper-'structure which .carries the protectiehood Q4 'and the controlturret 25; or the usual Acon'ning tower :may be -substi tuted for thehoodand turret.

The hull interior is divided into the following compartments by suitableybulky Figs. B'to 12 inheads,I the compartments vbeing named in orderfrom forward aft, the bow compartment the forward Inain ballast 'tankeon'ipartnient 31; the forward submerging or trimining ballast tank 32,of annular form;` the' torpedo operating compartment 32S which is'iniillided Within' the annular ballast tank 32; 'thecrews compartment34;

the galley 35; the"1nain A'central operating' room 36; the enginecolnpaitment; ten oil and Jfuel and ballast' tanks 38; the'atersulnnergingortrilnining '.ank 39; theafter main ballast tank 4l); i-.dthe stern. courpartruent 41. l I

Both the forward and aft ballast talilsl and l0 contain air hottlesO;and other air bottles are placed beneath the` floors 52 of the variousoperating compartments. The aggregate capacity of the air bottles issufficient for operation of the propelling engines 55 for a numberot'hours. The' pro` polling engines 55 are set inthe positives illustratedin the engine' room 37, the pr'opeller shafts tS-be'ing dileetlyonnectedwith the engine and carrying the propeflleis" aan.;

5T at their forward ends near the bow of the boat. lroleeting tins c areprovided for protecting the propellers from injury.

rl'he cugino intatte tlirough the carbu.n rcters fill iii the ordinarymanner, the air for coiuluistion being tahen directly out ofthe engineroom. rl`lie engine room .is supplied wiihvair iu two distinct manners;one for surface running and the other for submerged running. Broadly,the air supply includes an auion'iaiic atmospheric air supply operatedby virtue' of the movement of the submariiie above or below the surfaceof the water; and an automatic means controlled by the. air pressure inthe engine 'room for delivering air thereto from theV compressed airstorage.

The air surface feed is controlled directly by a valve 60 normally heldclosed by a spring Ul. and, when the vessel is submerged, held closed bythe water pressure. This valve is operated from a cylinder and piston arange-ment b2 to which ai r is admitted and exhausted by a suitable threeway valve The valve itself is operated by a float 6l' which floats inthe interior of the superstructure, the sluier-structure being open tosea. Air is admitted to the super-structure through suitable ventilators65, these ventilators extending down through the top of thesuper-structure to points near the upper plating of the hull, so thatthe space in the super-structure above the bottoms ofthese ventilatorsbecomes an air trap to hold a considerable amount of air after thesubmarine begins submergence. The superstructure is open to sea alongits lower edges, as shown at 6G; and when the submarine passes beneaththe surface, the water entering the super-structure must rise from thebottom. There is sulicient air in the trap within the super-structure to'sullice for the engine operation for several minutes; and this featureprovides that the atmosphere air-feed shall not bediscontinued everytime the submarine momentarily passes be neath the surface. This is ofparticular' importance when cruising in a heavy sea; as otherwise theatmospheric air feed would be cut oli' every time the vesselpassedrbeneath a sca and the stored air would be drawn on from time totime. Float (il is arranged to nieve upwardly on the surface of thewater rising `within the superstructiue; and it acts to cause theclosure of valve (30 only when the water has risen and has practicallydriven all of the air through the valve o )env ing and through theventilating shaft 70 and into the interior of the vessel. From theVentilating shaft there lead two ventilating ducts 71 and 72 to thecrews space and the engine room, respectively; each of these ducts beingsupplied with a Ventilating fan 73 which materially helps th'e movementof lb the air.

rlhe air bottles 50 are all connected by pipes le@ individrurlly tu anair pressure nizuiifold .I C'l. situated in the engine room. alves 102are tufovided so that the air. may be taken from the individual bottles,one or more at a time, and thus conserve the high pressure in as manybottles as possible. From this manifold the air pressure line 1025 leadsto points throughout the vessel where the air pressure may be needed.This is the high pressure system; and it may connect with a low pressuresystem througl'i the me diuin of a reducing valve lill, the low prcssurepiping passing throughout the vessel wherever needed. From the lowpressure piping LUG thereis au outlet 105 which controlled by thereducing valve 10i', this reducing valve being set to open when theat1nospheric pressure in the engine room falls to a certain pointbelownormal. As soon as the atmospheric air feeding devices have cut off, theair pressure within the engine room and other compartments begins todrop; and this drop in pressure will immediately cause the beginning offeed from the stored compressed air. Thus the system is entirelyautomatic and needs no attention from the operator. lut, should any ofthe apparatus become disabled, air may be admit-ted by hand into theworking compartment.

The exhaust from the engine passes out through the exhaust manifold 1120and exhaust pipe 121, this exhaust pipe rinining througli upperplatingrof the hull iuto the super-strueture and thence forwardly anddown through the hull in the ballast tank Ill. and emerging to the waterbehind and beneath the propeller-s The emergence ot the exhaust shown indetail in Fig. 14, the pipe 12]. discharging beneath a cover. orclamshell 122 which forces the exhaust rearwardly. This arrangementprovides that the suction of the water through which the vessel ispassing will materially hel in drawing out the exhaust. The exhaust romthe engine may pass directly to sea at this outlet when the vessel isrurniing ou the surfliace; but when the vessel is submerged and thepressure is great, the exhaust is passed through pipe 1:21 into thesuperstructure. where the contact with the water cools it. and is thenpassed down through induction pipe into the mechanical eXhaustcompressor 126. This compressor is operated with the engine 55 andcompresses the exhaust out through pipe 126 into the pipe 121 whichpasses to the exhaust outlet for ward.

The amount of power utilized by the mechanical exhaust apparatus ispractically negligible for all ordinary depths of subn'iergence; and inpractice I have found that I am enabled to force the exhaust out of thevessel against a head unich greater than two hundred feetsulii'inergence.

Y the engine compartment for ,from said storagev to the engine compart--ment,.a combustion engine utilizing air from mechanism op;i

having Yan `compartment when the ,timing described my invention, lclaim:

l. In a submarine incombination, a hullV `compartment, and mechanismforcing the p engine exhaust overboard.

2. ln a submarine in' combination, a hull having engine compartmenttherein, means forinducing atmospheric air to said compartment when thesubmarineis afloat, air storage, means within the submarine, means-undercontrol of the airpressure in delivering air the. enginecompartmenit,larid Y y erated by the engine for compressing the: en-

i gine exhaust and forcing it overboard'.

engine compartment therein, atmospheric air to said the submarine 1saioat,

3.` ln a submarineincombination, a `hull .means "for inducing com partinent when van' storage means Within the submarine,

means 'for delivering'air from said storage to the engine compartment,saidmeans includingan automatic Valve which allows such 'delivery whenthe vair pressure in the engine compartment falls Below a predeterminedYpoint, a combustion engine utilizing air from 'the engine compartment,and

va combustion engine' ,nechanism tor compressing the engine eX- haustand't'orcing it overboard.

e?, in. a submarine in combination, a hull haringv'anengine compartmenttherein, means for inducing atmospheric air to Said c ,department whenthe submarine is afloat, said means including valve mechanism 0p-l-erated by change of level of the submarine rith reference to tbe Watersurface, air storage means within the lelii'ering airv from said strageto the engine compartment. said means including an autou'latic fairewhich allows such deliverl when the air pressure 'in the enginecompartment falls below a predetermined point, utilizing air from theengine compartment, and mechanism -opcrated by the engine torcompressing the engine exba'us and forcing it mei-board.

.3. ln a sulnnarine in combination, a hull haring an engine compartment.a combustion engine therein arranged Forvpropelling tbe submarine andexhausting overboard 'om the submarine and haring itsairintake troia theengine compartment,` atmospheric aiuiuflu'ction means for saidconumrtment, sincluding a -u'ater float and a 'valere controlledthereby, air storage means,

Water float and submarine, means for within the engine compartmenttodeiiver air from the storage means to the vcompartment.

o.' lu a submarine in combination, a hull i haring a plurality ot'compartments includair intake from the engine rine haring itsatmospheric an' induction compartment,

means for the compartments including said au' storage means, meanscontrolled by thev au' pressure within the compartment yto de liver airthereto fronr the 'storage means,

'and mechanism for compressingthe engine exhaust and forcing itoverboard. f'

7. Ina submarine iin/combination, a hull having a plurality ofcompartmentsincluding an enginecompartment, a combustion engine/thereinarranged to propelthe sub'- marine haring its air intake from the enginecompartment, atmospheric air induction means for the compartmentsincluding said engine compartment, said means including a valvecontrolled thereby, air storage means, means controlled by the airApressure within the compartment to de liver air theret'ori'rom thestorage means, and mechanism op'ated by pressing theengine exhaust andforcing it overboard. f

8. In a submarine, in combination, a hull having an engine compartment,a combustion engineV in said-compartment having its exhaust leadingoverboard from the submarine and having its intake from the interior ofthe engine compartment, 'means for in- -duc1ng atmospheric air to theengme compartment While the submarine is on the surface and tor closingsaid induction means when the submarine submerges, air storage on thesubmarine, and neans controlled by the air""pressure in the enginecompartment to feed air from the storage to said compartment.Y A

I9. In a sulunarine, in combination, a hull haring an enginecompartment, a combustion engine in said compartment having its intakefrom the atmosphere of said compartment and having its exhaust leadingoverboard from the submarine, air storage on the submarine, and meansautomatically c'ontrolled by the air pressure in the compartment foradmitting air trom the storage to the compartment.

10. ln a submarine, in combination, a hull haring au engine compartment,a combus tion engine in :aid compartment having its intake from theatmosphere' of said compartment and vbaring its exhaust leadingoverboard from the submarine,` means for inducing atmospheric air to theengine compartment, means automatically controlled by submergence orflotation of the hull toA the engine for com-v mg an enginecompartment,a combustion en V gine therein arranged to propel thesubmacios@ und open said nir indnchioii means, air

,storage on the suilumirine, and means; ni1tolnntif'uiiy nonni-oiled bythe un' pressure in tinl enginV4 compartment. for admitting air 5 fromtinl .storage to the conipartmmit.

11. in :i suhmnrine, in cfunhination, :L huil hurinl nnnginecolulmrtlnent, :L Cornhus tion vujgine in, said compartment having itsintuko from the aitrnosphvre of said c0znpartinput. menus 'for forcingth (Ixhunst of the cugino overboard from the siulmniriruft iir.Stor-.ige on the suhn'iarine, und moans nutonnitionlly controlled h vthe j iir pressure in flu engine uoli'ipm'tnnnant i'or zuhilittng nir 15from the storage to the conipsn'tnionb.

1i. Tn :i submarine, in izofnhinzltion., n huil hrm-ing nu onginvycompartinont, :i cfunhns- Lion i-ugfiiu in ,sind cominuftrnent, huring'it@A intniw from tho utniosi'ihnri. o!l szliii conquist- Inonu, moansfor iforrfing the minimi oi' LinL 20 engine overboard, 'from thesuhimirino, means for inducing ntn'iospherio nir to the diggin@vcouiuirnnont, moans automatically controild by suhmorgvruro or Notationof the i

